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Journal of Case Reports
Pancytopenia Complicating Varicella
Rajeshwari K1, Somakumar V1, Sachan S1, Chetty Y1, Kumar D1, Anuradha S2
Departments of 1Pediatrics and 2Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi 110002.
Corresponding Author:
Dr K. Rajeshwari 
Email: rajeshwari.dr@gmail.com

Received: 04-OCT-2024 Accepted: 31-DEC-2024 Published Online: 25-FEB-2025
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17659/01.2025.0005
Abstract
Background: Varicella, or chickenpox, is a common viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). While typically self-limiting, it can lead to severe complications, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Haematological abnormalities, such as thrombocytopenia, are well-documented, but pancytopenia remains extremely rare, especially in immunocompetent children. Case Report: We present a case of an 11-year-old female with varicella complicated by pancytopenia. The patient developed high fever, vesicular rash, hepatosplenomegaly, and altered sensorium, requiring hospitalization. Laboratory investigations confirmed pancytopenia without atypical cells or hemolysis. The patient received intravenous acyclovir and ceftriaxone, leading to gradual recovery. Conclusion: Pancytopenia as a complication of varicella is rare and may be underreported. Early diagnosis and supportive management are crucial for favourable outcomes.
Keywords : Acyclovir, Encephalitis, Fever, Rash, Thrombocytopenia.
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